Morphological Forecast of the Grand-Bassam Shoreline by the Kalman Filter Model (Ivory Coast)
Jacques André Tiemele,
Mamadou Soumahoro,
Jean-Baptiste Kassi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2022
Pages:
35-43
Received:
4 July 2022
Accepted:
4 August 2022
Published:
5 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijaos.20220602.11
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Abstract: This study presents a high spatial resolution morphodynamic numerical simulation of the Grand-Bassam shoreline, located est of Abidjan. Indeed, for several years, this area has been confronted with receding coastlines causing significant material damage and flooding, which has made it possible to consider investigations in this area. However, these investigations have not always made it possible to accurately predict the morphological dynamics of the future shoreline of this area. This explains the use of MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) 2A sentinel images from 2015 to 2020 (spatial resolution is 10m) to extract the shorelines. Digital processing was performed using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), compatible with ArcGis 10.5 software. The End Point Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR) methods were used to calculate the statistical evolution of the Grand-Bassam shorelines between 2015 and 2020. To improve the forecast, including updating the rate and uncertainties, the Kalman filter approach is initialized with the linear regression rate calculated by DSAS. The treatments allowed to generate 9758 transects (4853 transects west of the mouth, 2550 east of the mouth and 2355 transects after Asséoufoué) for 2 m steps. During the period indicated, the Grand-Bassam shoreline has receded by -0.47 m /year. The west areas of the mouth and after Asséoufoué show negative balances with erosion rates of -0.97 m per and -0.22 m/year respectively. On the other hand, the eastern sector of the mouth presents a positive balance with a rate of 0.24 m/year. The simulations made on the evolution of the future dynamics of the coastline show a fattening of 21.49 m or 2.15 m/year in 2030 and a fattening of 30.4 m or 1.53 m/year in 2040.
Abstract: This study presents a high spatial resolution morphodynamic numerical simulation of the Grand-Bassam shoreline, located est of Abidjan. Indeed, for several years, this area has been confronted with receding coastlines causing significant material damage and flooding, which has made it possible to consider investigations in this area. However, these...
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Evaluation of Biological Approaches of Green Synthesized MgO Nanoparticles by Syzygium aromaticum
Muneeza Munir,
Syeda Mona Hassan,
Shahzad Sharif Mughal,
Alvina Rafiq
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2022
Pages:
44-53
Received:
13 June 2021
Accepted:
25 August 2022
Published:
14 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijaos.20220602.12
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Abstract: Green synthesis approaches are acquiring importance due to their environmentally safe, commercial scalability, versatility, cost-effectiveness, simplicity and efficiency in large scale synthesis. Spice extract consist of numerous biochemical and phytochemical compounds that serve as capping and reducing agent that facilitates the production of non-toxic nanoparticles that are useful for pharmaceutical and biological applications. In the present study, MgO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by the use of extract of Syzygium aromaticum. FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDX and UV visible were used for the characterization of MgO nanoparticles. The absorbance at 480nm from UV-visible spectroscopy shows the establishment of MgO nanoparticles. The FTIR results indicated the presence of functional groups responsible for the formation of nanoparticles and the peak between 549.71 and 489.92 cm-1 confirm the presence of magnesium oxide. The average particle size of MgO nanoparticles is 16nm which is confirmed by XRD. Scherer formula was used to calculate the average crystallite size of MgO nanoparticles. EDX analysis revealed the elemental composition. The phytochemical analysis of extract of Syzygium aromaticum performed and their analysis showed the presence of Phytoconstituents. The antifungal activity of prepared MgO nanoparticles was investigated by Disc diffusion method. Results showed the highest activity against A. parasiticus (24 mm DIZ). Overall results of the present study showed green synthesized MgO nanoparticles possess potent antifungal activity.
Abstract: Green synthesis approaches are acquiring importance due to their environmentally safe, commercial scalability, versatility, cost-effectiveness, simplicity and efficiency in large scale synthesis. Spice extract consist of numerous biochemical and phytochemical compounds that serve as capping and reducing agent that facilitates the production of non-...
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